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Canadian Diabetes Association Article
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Complications of diabetes
An insidious disease which can often lie undetected for many years, diabetes can cause very serious complications. These can include blindness, cataract, thrombosis, and nephropathy. To avoid these consequences, many treatments can and should be given which help to give the chance of a normal life to any person who suffers from this condition.
Some other side effects of diabetes include tiredness, nausea and palpitations. However the most frequent side effects for the diabetic person are hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia which are serious conditions which can cause the diabetic person to fall into a coma.
In the long term, more serious diabetes complications include infarction, blindness, amputation and renal diseases. However there are many treatments nowadays which allow a diabetic to lead a healthy life. Those people with diabetes should be encouraged to use these treatments and seek medical advice as soon as they suspect anything is wrong.
Before the discovery of insulin, type 1 diabetes was fatal. Now with the advent of insulin and other remedies those people with type 1 diabetes can live a long and fulfilling life.
In western countries if a person's diabetes is not looked after properly their diabetes is probably the main cause of blindness and renal disease. Also diabetics are more sensitive than most people to specific oral and gynecological infections because the bacteria involved in these infections like "sugar".
The feet of a diabetic person are particularly fragile and prone to problems. Wounds in diabetic people can lead to abscesses, even gangrene; this then usually leads to amputation of the infected limbs.
Chronic hyperglycemia gradually damages the small blood vessels of the kidney and the eyes as well as the nerves over a period of time especially if the person's diabetic state is not well looked after. This eventually causes over the years a failing of these specific organs.
In a diabetic person certain blood vessels can become blocked, therefore certain parts of the diabetic person's body such as the heart and lungs etc do not receive an adequate blood supply. The person can die when this happens. Also as stated previously a permanent sugar excess in the blood generates complications such as blindness, renal insufficiency and neuropathy of the legs.
Acute complications of diabetes type 1 are usually fainting or coma caused by hyperglycemia. This also occurs when the person is suffering from hypoglycemia, both conditions respectively are due to insulin not injected or an insufficient dose being given. Sometimes it is difficult to tell whether a diabetic person is hyperglycemic or hypoglycemic. One excellent method of determining which state they are in is to smell their breath. If the person is in a hyperglycemic condition, it will smell very sweet. This is due to ketones in the body being burned as fuel.
Acidic ketosis occurs when the body can't use glucose as fuel anymore. (Sugar can not penetrate the cells because of an insulin absence). The cells are then attacked, causing abnormally massive degradation in ketones which are toxic waste for the human body. Untreated, it evolves into a coma and can cause premature death.
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